In 1993, the indirect costs of smoking totaled $57.9 million compared with $47.3 million in 1990.
Morbidity costs are based on the earnings that are lost to individuals because of illness or disability from smoking-related diseases or conditions.
Mortality costs are based on lifetime earnings by all who died of smoking-related causes.
Rice D. Economic costs of substance abuse, 1995. Proc AAP. 1999;111(2). |
